AMD RDNA 4: everything we know about RX 8000 series

AMD’s RDNA 4 graphics cards (also referred to as the Radeon RX 8000 series) are already on the horizon, but they’re still a bit of a mystery. Fortunately, various leakers break up that silence with plenty of rumors and tantalizing speculation.

Most likely set to launch in early 2025, RDNA 4 GPUs may give Nvidia a run for its money, but will they be able to compete against some of the best graphics cards from the upcoming RTX 50-series? This is one of the few things that leakers all agree on, and we’ll tell you all about it in our full roundup of RDNA 4 news below.

RDNA 4: specs

Everything we know so far about the specs of AMD’s RDNA 4 comes from leaks. Some of the information overlaps among various sources, but when it comes to the specs, most of the intel comes from Tom of Moore’s Law Is Dead on YouTube. So far, the YouTuber predicts that AMD will only release RDNA 4 in two configurations: Navi 48 and Navi 44.

The one thing that most sources are clear on and have been talking about for months is that AMD’s next-gen GPUs won’t have the specs needed to match Nvidia’s high-end GPUs, like the RTX 5090. AMD is aiming at the midrange sector, which is evident in the rumored specs for both chips.

AMD itself has recently admitted that its focus is now on the mainstream segment. The company’s senior vice president, Jack Huynh, told Tom’s Hardware that the company is deprioritizing flagship gaming graphics cards. Huynh said: “Do I want to go after 10% of the total addressable market (TAM) or 80%? I’m an 80% kind of guy because I don’t want AMD to be the company that only people who can afford Porsches and Ferraris can buy. We want to build gaming systems for millions of users.”

According to Moore’s Law Is Dead, the Navi 48 will be AMD’s flagship for this generation, and it will possibly be found in an RX 8800 XT GPU. Initial estimates pin this GPU as having a 256-bit interface, with GDDR6 memory clocked at 20Gbps. It’s also possible that it might come with a 192-bit bus, as has been mentioned by some leakers. The Navi 44 GPU is rumored to sport a 128-bit memory bus and a significantly smaller die.

The choice to use GDDR6 instead of GDDR7 may seem surprising, seeing as Nvidia’s next-gen GPUs are said to be using the faster and newer GDDR7 standard. Moore’s Law Is Dead speculates that AMD may have initially planned to use GDDR7 memory in the — now reportedly canceled — high-end portion of the lineup, which is referred to as Navi 41 (or Navi 4C and Navi 4X) and Navi 42. The Navi 41 would’ve been the successor to the RX 7900 XTX if it became a reality. However, the midrange to entry-level cards are all said to sport GDDR6 memory.

Only 18Gbps 🤔

— Kepler (@Kepler_L2) April 23, 2024

In fact, recent reports from Kepler_L2 and Tom’s Hardware indicate that AMD may not only stick to GDDR6 modules but it might also stifle bandwidth and use 18Gbps modules instead of the faster 20Gbps versions we’ve seen in RDNA 3 flagships. Even the RX 7800 XT uses 19.5Gbps modules, so this would be a downgrade. It’s important to approach this with some skepticism, though.

Initial, highly optimistic estimates said that RDNA 4 might reach a clock speed of 3.5GHz, but those predictions have now been adjusted to a more reasonable 3GHz to 3.3GHz on overclocked models made by AMD’s partners. Even then, this is a massive game clock increase over the RX 7900 XTX, which has a frequency of 2.3GHz. It’s possible that those claims might never come true.

A few months ago, Moore’s Law Is Dead spoke about a possible Navi 43 GPU, which is also no longer being mentioned. As per the rumor, the Navi 43 was said to sport 64 compute units (CUs), with the Navi 44 having 32 CUs. However, even the source of the leak warned that these specs were uncertain.

Benchlife corroborated the claim that we’re only looking at two distinct chips. The publication states that AMD is planning to release the Navi 48 and the Navi 44 GPUs, each in two different configurations, for a total of four graphics cards. The source also agreed that the GPUs will utilize GDDR6 memory with speeds of up to 20Gbps.

Another update comes from RedGamingTech, who speculates that the Navi 48 GPU will come with 32 work group processors (WGPs), 64MB of Infinity Cache, and a 256-bit memory bus. Meanwhile, the Navi 44 GPU is said to be significantly cut down, sporting 16 WGPs, a 32MB Infinity Cache, and a very narrow 128-bit memory bus.

4️⃣8️⃣ 2️⃣5️⃣6️⃣ 6️⃣4️⃣ 2️⃣0️⃣
4️⃣8️⃣ 2️⃣5️⃣6️⃣ 6️⃣4️⃣ 1️⃣8️⃣
4️⃣8️⃣ 1️⃣9️⃣2️⃣ 4️⃣8️⃣ 1️⃣9️⃣
4️⃣4️⃣ 1️⃣2️⃣8️⃣ 3️⃣2️⃣ 1️⃣8️⃣
🦉👼🏾 1️⃣6️⃣ 0️⃣4️⃣ 2️⃣0️⃣ 2️⃣5️⃣6️⃣ 3️⃣2️⃣ 8️⃣5️⃣3️⃣3️⃣
🇺🇸🏞️ 0️⃣4️⃣ 0️⃣2️⃣ 6️⃣4️⃣ 6️⃣4️⃣0️⃣0️⃣

— All The Watts!! (@All_The_Watts) August 28, 2024

Meanwhile, another Twitter leaker posted a string of numbers that can be decoded to reveal possible specs for RDNA 4. According to these predictions, the Navi 48 GPU will feature two configurations, both with a 256-bit memory bus and 64MB of Infinity Cache; one will have faster 20Gbps memory, and the other 18Gbps. Navi 44 is also said to come in two flavors: one with a 192-bit bus and 19Gbps VRAM, and the other one with a 128-bit bus and slower 18Gbps memory.

Lastly, a Geekbench listing supplements what we already know with a bit more information. Reportedly, a Navi 48 GPU showed up in a leaked benchmark, as shared by Wccftech. The GPU sports 56 compute units, placing it between the RX 7700 XT and the RX 7800 XT. The clock speed is a lot more modest than what some early leaks predicted, reaching 2.1GHz.

The rest of the specs are still unknown at this stage; there’s been no mention of the number of AI accelerators, ray tracing accelerators, or even the amount of VRAM. We’ll have to wait until we get closer to the release date.

RDNA 4: pricing and release date

Out of all the GPUs that might come out this year, AMD’s RDNA 4 was often thought to be the most likely to hit the shelves in 2024. However, AMD CEO Dr. Lisa Su put an end to all that speculation following AMD’s most recent earnings call. Thanks to her statement, we now know that RDNA 4 is “on track to launch in early 2025.”

This aligns with speculation from leakers like Kepler_L2, who said that AMD will wait until CES 2025 to announce the Navi 48 GPU — which, as we now know, is meant to be the flagship card. The Navi 44 would then follow in the second quarter of 2025.

Oh CES is for N48. N44 is probably Q2.

— Kepler (@Kepler_L2) July 5, 2024

Early leaks from sources like Moore’s Law Is Dead implied that AMD had the option to launch RDNA 4, but it chose not to. One of the YouTuber’s sources said: “All I will say is that we [AMD] don’t have any mandate to get this thing out the door in 2024. […] We can launch this year if we want to, but as far as we are aware, Nvidia is only launching the RTX 5090 this year for an absurd price.” On the other hand, seeing as at this point, it’s nearly confirmed that Nvidia’s RTX 5090 won’t be revealed until CES 2025, those words need to be taken with some skepticism.

Moore’s Law Is Dead has also shed some light as to why AMD may have delayed RDNA 4 to 2025. According to the YouTuber’s anonymous sources, AMD is dealing with an oversupply of current-gen graphics cards — most of all, the flagship Navi 31. As one source says: “The reason stated is that they [AMD] need to get rid of N31 before RDNA 4 launches. They [AMD] have an oversupply problem, and RDNA 4 is much better price [to] performance.”

If this is true, then AMD is taking steps to remedy the situation. The RX 7900 XTX and RX 7900 XT are at the lowest prices they’ve ever been, and the rest of the RDNA 3 lineup is also seeing some price cuts.

With two midrange GPUs at the top of the lineup, AMD need not be concerned with competition that much. Nvidia’s RTX 50-series may not be much of a threat, given that Team Green is likely to open with the RTX 5090, which isn’t AMD’s target market this time around. The current timeline really seems to point that both Nvidia and AMD won’t release new GPUs until 2025, marking a disappointing year for gamers.

With that said, regardless of the exact timing, we’re likely to at least see a couple of AMD desktop GPUs first and then a laptop launch later on — assuming they’re easier to get in the next generation than in this current one.

Although AMD may not win in performance, leakers speculate that it might adopt an aggressive pricing strategy this time around, beating Nvidia in terms of value. Rumor has it that the Navi 44 GPU might sell for under $400, while the flagship Navi 48 (RX 8800 XT?) could be priced around $500. That’s a highly competitive price point that worked out swimmingly for AMD with the RX 7800 XT, so this makes sense, but everything is still uncertain. We might see as much as a 30% improvement in terms of price to performance.

RDNA 4: architecture

Navi 44 and Navi 48 are reportedly built on TSMC’s N4P process, which, as Moore’s Law Is Dead notes, will be single-digits better than the node found in Nvidia’s Ada Lovelace GPUs. Navi 48 has an estimated die size of 300 to 350 mm², while Navi 44 is a lot smaller at below 210mm², which is close to the same size as the die inside Nvidia’s RTX 4060 Ti.

The naming scheme for these chips is a departure from previous generations. Usually, AMD’s flagship chip was also the one with the lowest number, such as Navi 31 in RDNA 3. This time, we’re getting the Navi 44 as the lower-end GPU and the Navi 48 as the top graphics chip. Given the rest of the rumors, this kind of tracks — AMD is said to name its chips based on the order of development, so if it canceled the initial Navi 41 chip, the Navi 48 may have started development later.

When it comes to architecture, both Moore’s Law Is Dead and RedGamingTech on YouTube say that we’re looking at a monolithic die. It appears that we could have had MCM in RX 8000 series GPUs if not for the fact that the high-end variants were reportedly canceled, so the architecture may not reappear until RDNA 5.

However, we might still see some architectural improvements in RDNA 4. Hardware leakers have been vocal about the fact that AMD wants to improve the ray tracing performance of its GPUs, and RedGamingTech speculates that we might see adjustments to the geometry engine. Other sources also mention AMD’s drive to better compete in AI workflows and ray tracing.

Rumor: Navi 48 pic.twitter.com/P1gvFXvf2F

— HXL (@9550pro) October 29, 2024

Of course, there are also rumors to the contrary that circle back to that MCM design. A recent leak from the Chiphell forums revealed one surprising change that may or may not turn out to be true: The Navi 48 could be a dual-chiplet GPU. This would be a similar design to AMD’s data center Instinct MI300 graphics cards, made for AI workloads — but not quite the same thing.

As explained by TechPowerUp, MI300 graphics cards share the same cache and control the same memory, and thus, they’re recognized as one device even though they sport a multi-chip design. However, the Navi 48 GPU may not adopt this technology and would be recognized as two devices, which could mean more work on the software side in order to get the GPUs to work. The two chiplets would likely have to be connected by AMD’s Infinity Fabric interconnect.

This claim is rather unexpected, given that previous leakers said that multi-chip RDNA 4 GPUs aren’t happening — but it’s too early to dismiss this as fake.

RDNA 4: performance

AMD CEO Lisa Su teased that RDNA 4 will deliver “a strong increase in performance.” Su also talked about improvements in ray tracing and AI capabilities. There’s not much to go on here, though, and most leakers agree that the RX 7900 XTX should retain its lead in rasterization, but AMD will target performance per dollar with its new cards.

Most sources estimate that the rumored RX 8800 XT should be close to the RX 7900 XT in performance. Moore’s Law Is Dead says that it’ll be around 10% slower than the RX 7900 XTX, putting it close to Navi 31 and Nvidia’s RTX 4080. It should outperform the RTX 4070 Ti Super by a small margin, and RedGamingTech predicts that it’ll be slightly faster than the recent RX 7900 GRE.

The most optimistic outcome was that the Navi 48 GPU would be able to beat Nvidia’s RTX 4080 Super for around half the price, but it’s too early to get too excited. That would certainly be a big feat for AMD to achieve and a good way to beat Nvidia in 2024. Even if AMD can’t quite hit those numbers and only outperforms the RTX 4070 Ti Super, but prices the GPU at around $500, that would still be a great deal.

Meanwhile, the Navi 44 die (which could end up in an RX 8700 XT) is said to offer similar performance to AMD’s RX 7700 XT, but at a reduced price. Some sources pin it as an improvement over the RX 7600 XT, but a downgrade compared to the RX 7800 XT. Right now, it’s unclear whether AMD will release more entry-level GPUs in this generation.

Yes

— Kepler (@Kepler_L2) May 2, 2024

A few months ago, Kepler_L2 answered a question on Twitter and once again confirmed the suspicion that AMD may not have an answer to Nvidia’s rumored RTX 5080 and RTX 5090. It seems that AMD will stay in its own lane this time around and won’t have direct next-gen competition from Nvidia until the launch of midrange cards like the RTX 5060 and the RTX 5070.

RDNA 4: ray tracing

Ray tracing is one area where Nvidia maintains a notable lead over AMD. This is no longer a universal truth the way it was in generations past, but it’s still true. A comparable Nvidia GPU can usually be counted on to outperform AMD when ray tracing is enabled, although the gap is wider in some games.

Improving ray tracing performance is something that a lot of leakers stress the importance of in RX 8000 series graphics cards. RedGamingTech claims that we’re looking at a boost of 10% to 30%, which is a wide range, but it’s still early days. However, Moore’s Law Is Dead says that his sources aren’t convinced that AMD will be able to beat Nvidia in ray tracing in RDNA 4 yet — the goal is to beat RDNA 3, with an uplift in ray tracing performance per compute unit.

While rumor has it that RDNA 4 will still be a hair slower than Nvidia in these workloads, it should offer a marked improvement over the previous generation. The Navi 31 GPU is said to outperform the Navi 48 in pure rasterization, but it may fall behind in ray tracing.

In a recent video, RedGamingTech spoke about something akin to a complete redesign in terms of ray tracing. The YouTuber speculates (based on Twitter sources, mind you) that RDNA 4 might come with new work group processors (WGPs). For ray tracing, some of RedGamingTech’s sources claim that AMD is adopting a “much more Nvidia-like approach.”

RDNA3 RT was based on RDNA2 with some improvements. RDNA4 RT looks completely different.

— Kepler (@Kepler_L2) April 30, 2024

Kepler_L2 on X (formerly Twitter) agrees with RedGamingTech here, stating that we’ll be seeing a wholly redesigned ray tracing architecture in RDNA 4 — whereas what we saw in RDNA 3 was based on AMD’s initial attempt in RDNA 2. In July, the tipster followed up with some more precise information regarding the ray tracing improvements in RDNA 4. They shared a list of ray tracing features that are said to be coming with RDNA 4, although most of them are also said to be available in the PlayStation 5 Pro, too, which isn’t based on RDNA 4 architecture.

Some of the new RT features coming with gfx12/RDNA4. Most if not all of these should be in the PS5 Pro too 🙂 pic.twitter.com/AO5HaxJlMK

— Kepler (@Kepler_L2) July 21, 2024

These features are related to the accuracy and efficiency of ray tracing, which should hopefully provide gamers with better fps and improved visuals. Unfortunately, Kepler_L2 also wasn’t sure whether AMD would beat Nvidia in ray tracing even with all of these improvements, but it sounds like a good start.

All of the above is still pure speculation, and the rumors about this generation have been shockingly scarce. We’ll have to be patient and keep our eyes peeled for more leaks as we get closer to the release date.