The Deadly History of the Spanish Inquisition (Video)

The Spanish Inquisition, which began in 1481 and lasted until 1834, is notorious for its brutal methods, such as torture and public executions, often targeting those accused of heresy or practicing prohibited religious customs. One case involved Elira Campo, who was tortured after being accused of secretly practicing Judaism, following her forced conversion to Catholicism. Her ordeal reflects the harsh techniques of the Inquisition, where individuals were frequently subjected to severe physical torment to extract confessions.

Initially, the Inquisition sought to unify Spain religiously, targeting converted Jews (conversos) and Muslims (moriscos) suspected of secretly adhering to their old faiths. Despite its reputation, the institution was more systematic and legally bound than popularly imagined. Trials often ended in acquittals, and only a minority faced execution. Over time, the Inquisition expanded its scope, targeting offenses such as witchcraft, though it prosecuted far fewer witches compared to other European countries.

By the mid-17th century, the Inquisition’s focus shifted primarily to maintaining religious uniformity in Spain. While its history is filled with cruelty and coercion, recent research suggests that its activities, particularly in terms of torture and executions, may have been more limited than previously believed. Nonetheless, the Inquisition remains one of the darkest chapters in Spanish history.

Top image: Medieval Inquisitor. Source: diter/Adobe Stock

By Robbie Mitchell