The True Story of King Arthur: Legend or Historical Reality?(Video)

King Arthur’s legend, a cornerstone of Western literature, traces its origins back approximately 1,200 years. The first recorded mention appears in the “Historia Brittonum,” a document penned around 830 AD, which recounts battles between the Britons and the Anglo-Saxons after the Roman withdrawal from Britain. However, this was written centuries after the events it describes. The Arthurian legends familiar today began to take shape in the 12th century through Geoffrey of Monmouth’s writings, with further development occurring in France during the Middle Ages.

The historical authenticity of King Arthur remains debated. Some historians suggest Arthur may be based on a real figure, though identifying which historical king inspired the legend is challenging. Two notable figures often cited are Ambrosius Aurelianus and Alfred the Great.

Ambrosius Aurelianus, a leader during the late fifth and early sixth centuries, is credited with significant resistance against the Saxons. His life, set against the backdrop of the post-Roman Dark Ages, remains largely undocumented. Gildas the Wise, a near-contemporary source, described Ambrosius as a noble-born Christian who played a crucial role in the Battle of Badon, though his direct involvement is uncertain.

King Alfred the Great, who ruled Wessex from 871 to 899 AD, is another candidate. Alfred is celebrated for his military victories against the Vikings and his substantial contributions to education, legal reform, and military organization. His efforts to rebuild and fortify his kingdom resonate with the chivalric ideals attributed to King Arthur.

Top image: King Arthur by Charles Ernest Butler. Source:  Public Domain

By Robbie Mitchell